Plant monitor: An IoT-based smart agriculture system with AI-powered plant disease detection and real-Time crop advisory

Abstract:

Plant Monitor is an integrated IoT and AI platform for precision smart agriculture. An ESP32 microcontroller interfaces with seven sensors DHT11, capacitive soil moisture, water-level, LDR, MQ-135, and pH to deliver real-time environmental monitoring and automated relay control via a Flask web application. A CNN trained on 13 disease classes across 5 plant species classifies uploaded leaf images and recommends fertilizers. The live dashboard streams sensor data at 1 Hz with historical trend charts; the crop advisory module compares live readings against 13 crop profiles to generate suitability scores. Experimental results confirm 94.7% disease classification accuracy and 210 ms inference latency, validating Plant Monitor as a low-cost, scalable solution for smallholder farmers.